Laminar liquid jet impinging on a vial creates dancing fluid sheets called water bells

We present the result of an experimental investigation of different fluid sheet structures formed during the impingement of a laminar liquid jet on the surface of the same liquid filled in a vial with a slightly larger diameter than the jet. The liquid while gushing out of the vial forms different shapes of the fluid sheet depending upon the input control parameters - the jet diameter and the jet velocity at the impact, the vial diameter, and the fluid properties. We present a detailed description of the water sheet structures observed and classify them into four regimes based on the governing non-dimensional parameters identified using Buckingham Pi theorem. The identified non-dimensional parameters are Jet to vial diameter ratio (X), Capillary number (Ca), Webber number (We), and Fruid number (Fr). In Regime I: pre-sheet regime, the formation of the liquid sheet structure is not observed; Regime II: puffing, is characterized by the intermittent formation and destruction of the transient upward rising water sheet. Regime III shows steady upward, inverted umbrella-like, sheet structures. Regime IV is distinguished by the formation of downward, umbrella-like, sheet structures, which are classically known as water bells in the literature.