Long time dynamics of a finite-size air filament

We conduct a numerical investigation of the long-term dynamic behavior of a quiescent finite-size 3D air filament submerged in a static liquid. Our study focuses on exploring the impact of the Ohnesorge number while maintaining a constant aspect ratio (Γ = 30). At large Oh, the secondary and tertiary breakup behaviors deviate from the regime predicted by the previous phase diagram¹. At low Oh, as the remaining filament evolves towards its final equilibrium state, the presence of short wavelengths on the filament interface leads to a breakup near the center, as waves originating from the left and right tips intersect. For Oh > Oh_lim = 0.018, a long wavelength, similar to those obtained in a Rayleigh-Plateau type instability, forms when the remaining filament is sufficiently long. This long wavelength contributes to a breakup at multiple points corresponding to the number of waves. Additionally, increasing Oh results in a reduction in the number of satellite bubbles, and an increase in the size of generated bubbles.

1. Osama, M., Deng, P., Thoraval, M. J., & Agbaglah, G. G. (2022). Dynamics of finite-size air filaments in a static liquid. Physics of Fluids, 34(6).