Effect of Feedback Force on Self-Induced Perturbation Flow at Finite Volume Fraction

In Euler-Lagrange simulation in an unbounded domain, self-induced perturbation flow of an isolated particle is due to the application of a feedback force at the particle's location smoothed using a Gaussian function. This study aims to examine the impact of finite volume fraction and the feedback force on the self-induced perturbation velocity at the particle's location. Several physical parameters influence the self-induced perturbation velocity, including the Reynolds number based on the Gaussian width (Re_σ), the magnitude of feedback force components in the x and y directions (F_x and F_y) and averaged volume fraction (Φ₀). By investigating various combinations of these parameters, we explore the effect of increasing particle volume fraction on the self-induced correction, as well as the effect of an angled feedback force.