Assessment of turbulence closure strategies for large-eddy simulations within a spectral element framework

Turbulent flow benchmark results are presented to assess the accuracy of wall-resolved and wall-modeled large-eddy simulations (LES) for two spectral-element-based computational fluid dynamics codes, Nek5000/RS and SOD2D. While the former solves the incompressible form of Navier-Stokes equation, the latter works with compressible set of equations and uses an entropy-viscosity formulation to account for the discontinuities for high Mach number flows. Together with the classical modelling strategies, discussion will also include the implementation and validation of machine-learning augmented closure models for LES. While the majority of focus will be on the testing and validation of different modelling strategies, some preliminary results will also be presented showcasing the extension of the said strategies to flow over an isolated wind-turbine.