Predictable Zone of Phase Resolved Wave Reconstruction Using Adjoint Method

Accurate prediction of wave propagation is one of the long-lasting problems in fluid mechanics and physical oceanography. Its importance lies in the safety of ocean vehicles and the control of wave energy converters. Gaining insight into reliable spatial and temporal prediction zones obtained using reconstruction method is highly important in applications. In this study, we investigate the predictable zone of the wave reconstruction problem using the adjoint method and compare it with linear predictable zone theory. The reconstruction is conducted to obtain the optimal initial condition that minimizes the discrepancy between measured and modeled data. We consider different configurations of the wave elevation measurements, including single measurement of unidirectional waves, multiple measurement of unidirectional waves, and measurement of multidirectional waves, to compare the real predictable zone with the linear predictable zone. The results provide insights into the reliable spatial and temporal zones for forecasting waves under different wave scenarios.