A Field-Monte-Carlo framework for simulating nucleate-boiling flows

The accuracy of simulations using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations for boiling flows strongly depends on the correct modeling of the phase interaction, in particular the interfacial mass transfer. Different modeling approaches exist to address stochastic, non-linear effects in bubbly or droplet flows. Such approaches feature various tuning parameters that require a priori knowledge of the flow. In this study, we utilize a Field-Monte-Carlo method, in a fully Eulerian framework, in our implementation of a nucleate-boiling flow simulation. The Field-Monte-Carlo approach has been successfully applied to reacting flows as well as disperse two-phase flows for cavitation and spray; however, it has not been applied to nucleate-boiling flows. In this study, we implement the presented framework in a finite-volume environment, also combined with a second-order stochastic Runge-Kutta scheme. Additionally, we discuss the relevant closure terms and the solver algorithm. The test case considered is a flow through a duct with a single heated wall. The obtained results are compared to (1) the results of a commercial state-of-the-art model for boiling flows and (2) experimental results. Finally, we highlight the advantages of the presented approach.