Fluid Physics Impacting the Vanadium Redox Flow Battery

Here we review the stress tensor, deviatoric stress tensor, Darcy’s Law, Newtonian and non-Newtonian motion, compressible and incompressible fluids, and the Navier-Stokes equation, to address issues with inserting the vanadium redox flow battery into commercial and residential environments. New developments to independently control electrolyte fluid flow into the negative and positive electrodes are presented.