A viscous curvilinear model for turbulent wind-wave interaction. Part 2. Application to opposing wave condition.

In this presentation, we report a scenario of wind-wave interactions, namely wind blowing over opposing water waves, where a viscous curvilinear model that we developed recently is applicable and the main features of the complex turbulent wind and opposing wave interaction problem can be explained through a linear analysis framework.  We found that the dominant components of opposing wave effects on the overlying airflow exhibit a quasilinear behavior and can be explained by the viscous curvilinear model.  Although the weak components of opposing wave effects are affected by the turbulence stress in the air, they do not change the structure of the opposing wave-induced airflow appreciably owing to their small magnitudes.  The results of the viscous curvilinear model agree well with our large-eddy simulation, and the wave attenuation rates quantified using the form drag agree with the experiment results in the literature.