High fidelity single framework simulations of acoustic wave--bubble cloud--elastic solid interactions

High-fidelity simulations of interacting acoustic waves, bubble clouds and elastic or viscoelastic materials are challenging. Indeed, these simulations typically require two separate numerical frameworks for compressible fluids and solids. The addition of cavitating bubble clouds further complicates the problem by introducing a wide range of spatio-temporal scales. However, such simulations are of particular interest in the development of ultrasound therapies (e.g. lithotripsy and histotripsy) and in understanding traumatic brain injury prediction. We introduce a single framework method to simulate these physics. It is based on a sub-grid model for the cavitating bubble clouds and a hypoelastic solid material valid for small strains. These were implemented in our open-source Multi-component Flow Code (MFC) (Bryngelson et al., Comp. Phys. Comm., 2020). This hypoelastic solid model enables the introduction of elastic and viscoelastic solids into these simulations, as long as we remain in the linear (small strain) regime. We demonstrate the capabilities of the solver for these problems, with example 3D simulations of burst-wave lithotripsy including cavitating bubble clouds. Furthermore, we present the computational advantages of the most recent GPU-enabled version of the solver.