Ciliated ducts are fundamental micro-pumps in animal biology that drive luminal fluids via the coordinated activity of thousands of internal cilia. While the structure of individual cilia is remarkably conserved across the animal kingdom, the morphology of ciliated ducts vary widely and so does their physiological function. Examples range from cilia-powered transport and clearance of fluids in the mammalian respiratory, reproductive, and cerebrospinal systems to cilia-powered filtration and waste excretion in small invertebrates. Despite progress in analyzing specific models, the relationship between the structure of ciliated systems and their fluid pumping function remains opaque. Here, using mathematical modeling, experimental studies in animal models, and a survey of ciliated ducts across all animal phyla, I will discuss two aspects of this structure-function relationship: (1) I will show that cilia can spontaneously organize into traveling wave patterns that break symmetry and pump fluids; (2) I will explain how the morphology of ciliated ducts directly predicts whether they are optimized for clearance or filtration. Our work suggests that the convergence of ciliated duct designs in the animal kingdom is based on functional constraints rather than phylogenetic distance, and establishes design rules for bio-inspired and tissue engineered ciliary systems.
–
Publication: J.C. Nawroth, F. Ling, K.Katija, T. Essock-Burns, D. Stein, M. McFall-Ngai, M.J. Shelley, E. Kanso, Ciliated Duct Morphology Determines Fluid Pumping Function, BioXiv<br><br>A. Kanale, F. Ling, H. Guo, M.J. Shelley, S. F\"{u}rthauer, E. Kanso, Spontaneous phase coordination in ciliary carpets, ArXiv<br><br>A. Kanale, F. Ling, H. Guo, M.J. Shelley, S. F\"{u}rthauer, E. Kanso, Continuum theory for carpets of model cilia, ArXiv<br><br>A. Kanale, H. Guo, F. Ling, S. F\"{u}rthauer, W. Yan, M.J. Shelley, E. Kanso, A simple algorithm for large scale simulations of carpets of model cilia, ArXiv
Presenters
Eva Kanso
Univ of Southern California, University of Southern California
Authors
Eva Kanso
Univ of Southern California, University of Southern California
