Stably-stratified wall-bounded turbulence

Stably-stratified wall-bounded turbulence is commonly encountered in many industrial and natural processes.
Examples include cooling in nuclear reactors, fuel injection and combustion in gasoline engines, the dynamics of the nocturnal atmospheric boundary layer or the transport of organic species in the ocean. The interaction between turbulence and stratification induces remarkable modifications on the entire flow field, which in turn influences the overall transfer rates of mass, momentum and heat. Although a vast proportion of the parameter range of wall-bounded stably-stratified turbulence is still unexplored, simulations and experiments have recently developed a robust picture of the flow structure, also providing an essential ground for addressing more complex problems of practical importance. In this work, we analyze models and techniques used to describe the influence of stratification on turbulence, and we present novel results of stratified flows at large Reynolds number.