Internal versus External Droplet Breakup

A liquid droplet can be broken if exposed to external gaseous flows. If the gaseous flow is injected into the droplet the droplet will go through an internal breakup process. Whereas if the gaseous flow is injected over the droplet, it will go through an external breakup. In this study, we have considered both types of droplet breakup and have compared their outcome with each other. The external droplet breakup is dominated by shear, whereas the internal droplet breakup is mainly pressure driven. Different mechanism of both internal and external breakups are categorized and reported based on jet and droplet Weber numbers.