Computational analysis for dry-ice sublimation assisted CO$_{2}$ jet impingement flow

The flow and heat transfer characteristics of the novel gas-solid two-phase jet impingement are investigated computationally. When the high pressure carbon dioxide (CO$_{2}$) flow passes through a nozzle or orifice, it experiences the sudden expansion and the rapid temperature drop occurred by Joule-Thomson effect. This temperature drop causes the lower bulk jet fluid temperature than the CO$_{2}$ sublimation line, so dry-ice becomes formed. By using CO$_{2}$ gas-solid mixture as a working fluid of jet impingement, it is expected the heat transfer enhancement can be achieved due to the low bulk temperature and the additional phase change latent heat. In this study, 2D CFD model is created to predict the cooling effect of gas-solid CO$_{2}$ jet. The gas-solid CO$_{2}$ flow is considered by Euler-Lagrangian approach of mixed phase and the additional heat transfer module is embedded to account for the sublimation phenomena of the solid state CO$_{2}$. The jet flow and heat transfer performance of gas-solid CO$_{2}$ jet is investigated by the variance of flow parameter like Reynolds number, solid phase concentration and jet geometries.