Wall boundary condition for LES using particle method

In large eddy simulation that does not resolve the near-wall viscous sub-layer, the no-slip boundary condition cannot be applied and a wall model is needed. A method is proposed in which a special wall model is applied to the motion of particles that lie within a thin layer next to solid wall to accomplish the wall modeling in a SPH formulation. It is verified in fully developed open channel flows and is applied to dam break flow with reasonable results.