Vortex methods with immersed lifting lines applied to LES of wind turbine wakes

We present the coupling of a vortex particle-mesh method with immersed lifting lines. The method relies on the Lagrangian discretization of the Navier-Stokes equations in vorticity-velocity formulation. Advection is handled by the particles while the mesh allows the evaluation of the differential operators and the use of fast Poisson solvers. We use a Fourier-based fast Poisson solver which simultaneously allows unbounded directions and inlet/outlet boundaries. A lifting line approach models the vorticity sources in the flow. Its immersed treatment efficiently captures the development of vorticity from thin sheets into a three-dimensional field. We apply this approach to the simulation of a wind turbine wake at very high Reynolds number. The combined use of particles and multiscale subgrid models allows the capture of wake dynamics with minimal spurious diffusion and dispersion.