Unveiling Non-Hermitian Phenomena in Ultracold Fermions

Ultracold atoms, traditionally prepared in well-isolated environments with minimal dissipation, have recently emerged as a novel platform for investigating non-equilibrium dynamics beyond hermitian physics and broader open quantum systems. This exploration is facilitated through precise control of dissipation mechanisms. Here, I will elucidate the methods for realizing such non-Hermitian systems using atomic ensembles, and discuss recent experimental observations. These include the demonstration of the non-Hermitian skin effect in two dimensions , chiral spin transfer near exceptional points and non-adiabatic transitions between engery bands. This development sets the stage for exploring novel quantum dynamics that extend beyond conventional non-Hermitian frameworks within these open quantum systems.