The necessary conditions for hydrodynamization: a study using 1D Bose gases

Hydrodynamization was first introduced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions to describe the short period of time before hydrodynamics can be applied to simulate the dynamics. The process of hydrodynamization was recently observed in experiments with nearly integrable 1D Bose gases after a Bragg pulse quench [1]. We further investigate the conditions under which hydrodynamization is a distinct epoch, distinguishable from the local prethermalization that follows. Specifically, we explore an experimental Bragg pulse sequence that nearly turns off hydrodynamization. We also explore a range of theoretical initial states in the Tonks-Girardeau limit that confirm and extend the experimental result.

[1] Y. Le, Y. Zhang, S. Gopalakrishnan, M. Rigol, & D. S. Weiss. Observation of hydrodynamization and local prethermalization in 1D Bose gases. Nature 618, 494–499 (2023).