Robust dual-species Hamiltonian engineering

Hamiltonian engineering via periodic driving is one of the most powerful tools in analog quantum simulation, finding widespread application in systems ranging from solid-state spins to neutral atoms in tweezer arrays. Here, inspired by the recent development of dual-species atom arrays, we present a method to systematically and robustly engineer the Hamiltonian of systems consisting of two independently addressable ensembles of qubits. Compared to previous approaches based on global manipulation of a single qubit ensemble, our method takes advantage of new experimental capabilities, allowing for the exploration of previously inaccessible regimes. Specifically, we (i) characterize the range of Hamiltonians that can be engineered by our method from any given native interaction, (ii) give a prescription to make a pulse sequence robust against off-resonance, amplitude, and finite-width errors, and (iii) discuss examples of physics that can be probed by leveraging independent control of two species of particles. Our work opens up analog quantum simulations of a broader class of Hamiltonians, highlighting the versatility enabled by dual-species platforms.