Boost Effects for Lorentz and CPT Violation in Penning Traps

Lorentz and CPT symmetries play a crucial role in both general relativity and the Standard Model of particle physics. Despite their fundamental significance, tiny violations of these symmetries could appear in an underlying theory unifying gravity with quantum physics, such as string theory. Motivated by this, numerous high-precision experiments, including Penning traps, have been performed to search for possible Lorentz and CPT violation. This talk will focus on the prospects for Lorentz and CPT violation in Penning-trap experiments measuring the charge-to-mass ratios and magnetic moments of particles and antiparticles. We will begin by introducing the general framework for studying Lorentz and CPT violation, the Standard-Model Extension, and presenting the dominant Lorentz- and CPT-violating shifts in the cyclotron and anomaly frequencies of particles and antiparticles confined in Penning traps. These frequency shifts will be then related to the measurements of charge-to-mass ratios and magnetic moments in Penning traps. To study the time variations of Lorentz- and CPT-violating signals due to Earth's rotation and orbital motion, a general discussion of transformations of coefficients for Lorentz violation between different frames will be presented. Finally, existing results of charge-to-mass ratio and magnetic moment measurements of protons and antiprotons from the BASE Penning-trap experiments will be applied to derive first-time constraints on various coefficients for Lorentz violation.