Toward arbitrary control of the quantum state in non-Hermitian spin-orbit coupled Fermi gases

Non-Hermitian spin-orbit coupled system is becoming attractive as its special features, such as non-Hermitian skin effect and chiral response when encircling around exceptional point (EP). Such a situation can be realized in ¹⁷³Yb fermions by means of optical coupling between two internal states with atoms loss induced by a near-resonant light [1]. Here, we lay out our strategy for controlling quantum states on-demand near the EP. To minimize incoherent relaxation, we utilize a clock transition 578 nm, ¹S₀ → ³P₀ in ¹⁷³Yb as the dissipation laser, which benefits from a longer lifetime in ³P₀ and less spontaneous emission [2], with another blast laser to remove atoms in excited ³P₀ state. We will discuss how to prepare an arbitrary quantum state when encircling around the EP in the parameter space. A chiral behavior near the EP will be also discussed.