Dipolar Quantum Solids in a Quantum Gas Microscope

We demonstrate dipolar phases of the extended Bose-Hubbard model with an ultracold gas of magnetic Erbium atoms in two dimensions. To create dipolar quantum solids, we adiabatically load a BEC into a small spacing square lattice. When the dipolar interaction becomes dominant we observe a quantum phase transition in which the superfluid order is broken and a solid is formed. We tune the dipole-dipole interactions by rotating the atomic dipole orientation via a bias magnetic field. Depending on this orientation we spontaneously form checkerboard solid or stripe solid phases. We observe these dipolar quantum solids by measuring connected density-density correlation constructed from site-resolved images in our quantum gas microscope. These observations open the gate to site-resolved quantum simulation of lattice models with long-range interactions, such as more exotic phases in the extended Hubbard models like the supersolid phase and the Haldane Insulator phase, as well as dynamics in anisotropic XXZ models.