Non-Markovian dissipative dynamics of neutral impurities in a BEC

The system of impurities immersed in a BEC reservoir provides an excellent platform for studies of both coherent and dissipative dynamics to probe the BEC. Thanks to the high degree of control over the parameters of the system and the environment, such as spatial confinement and interactions, this system allows us to access non-Markovian dynamics via reservoir engineering.

Here we study the dissipative dynamics of neutral impurities in a BEC, and we show how different spatial configurations of the trapping potentials and different interactions for both the impurities and the reservoir, determine the interplay between Markovian and non-Markovian dynamics, leading to backflow of information from the environment to the system. We furthermore observe how, for non-Markovian dynamics, a structured environment assists the exchange of excitations between non-interacting multiple impurities immersed in the same reservoir.

Investigating the dynamics beyond the Markov approximation probing the BEC allows us to infer new physics that would not be accessible in the Markovian limit. Furthermore, this platform provides an invaluable toolbox for more fundamental studies on non-Markovian dynamics in the context of open quantum systems, thanks to the richness of the tuneable parameters.