Effective time-independent potentials for Coulomb-laser coupling

Since the introduction of the attocklock, there has been intense research to calibrate the clock by determining the angular deflections due to

laser-Coulomb coupling after tunneling ionization.  Taking advantage of the observation that angular momentum and energy of the escaping electron

are nearly conserverd in the Kramers-Henneberger frame, the Runge-Lenz vector, howerver, not, we construct effective time-indenpendent descriptions

to approximate the effect of laser-Coulomb coupling after tunneling ionization.