Quadrupole-quadrupole interactions between three Rydberg atoms

Similar to van der Waals interactions, interactions between dipoles, quadrupole-quadrupole interactions are interactions between quadrupoles. In this presentation, we study the quadrupole interactions between highly excited atoms or Rydberg atoms. In addition, unlike many other calculations, in which the primary focus was on the one-dimensional two-body quadrupole-quadrupole interactions, the primary aim of this article is to study the two-dimensional few-body interactions. Specifically, the two-dimensional three-body interactions are investigated. This research has many applications, such as quadrupole-blockade for quantum computing, creating molecules based on quadrupole interactions.