Evolution of Generation and Simulation Techniques in the AI/ML Era

Event generation and detector simulation are critical components of high energy physics research, with demanding computational requirements. The upcoming massive increases in data volumes and complexity from next-generation experiments, such as the High Luminosity LHC, necessitate the development of new approaches to deliver simulated events with higher efficiency. AI and ML density estimation techniques and related methods offer viable solutions for important tasks including phase space sampling, integration, and generative modeling. There is substantial complementarity between targeted and end-to-end usage of AI/ML and key opportunities to accelerate algorithm inference using coprocessors and high performance computing centers. The implications for future colliders and other beyond-next-generation experiments will be discussed.