An extension of General Relativity

A full scale fifth spacetime dimension provides an extension of general relativity, thus the Universe expands along two degrees of freedom, parallel and normal to light. Our eyes see parallel expansion. Normal expansion is the unwinding of spacetime as Universe mass density decreases. Near Universe inception, there was near infinite mass density causing near infinite spacetime curvature. As density decreased, so did spacetime curvature. A tetherball shows this – the ball moving around the pole is the curved path of light. The ball moving away from the pole one pole circumference per revolution represents normal expansion. The eye perceives two dimensions, but motion on the human scale provides the illusion of a three-dimensional view. The universe does not have human scale motion. Slower observations are needed for visualization in the mind of the fifth spacetime dimension - primarily the illusion of the effects of dark energy. There is a semipermeable interface between Minkowski space and the fifth spacetime dimension. Quasi-tunneling of wave/particles and gravity into the fifth dimension creates potential explanations for little understood phenomena - dark matter, ultra-high energy gamma rays, and maybe a means for superluminal travel… The slightest momentum in the fifth spacetime dimension may have prevented the early universe from sliding back into the Big Crunch. Each dimension is normal to the previous through the fifth spacetime dimension - all dimensions are the same in this respect.