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Bound nucleons have unique masses that govern elemental properties

ORAL

Abstract

It is know that measured binding energies associated with elements require equivalent energy to break the nuclear bond of a nucleus. Based upon the proposals contained in a recent published work [1] and with support from experimental high-energy data, it can be shown that a portion of listed binding energies are attributed to bound nucleons having a unique mass for every element. The figures show, relative to the hydrogen proton, that of the: a) 1.112 MeV binding energy per nucleon for $^{2}$H, 44{\%} or 0.486 MeV represents a change in mass for the proton and neutron; b) of 5.629 MeV binding energy per nucleon for $^{7}$Li, 87{\%} or 4.890 MeV represents a change of mass for each nucleon; c) likewise, $^{56}$Fe has 8.811 MeV binding energy per nucleon and of this 92{\%} or 8.119 MeV represents a change in mass for each nucleon; and $^{232}$Th has 7.639 MeV binding energy per nucleon and of this, 90{\%} or 6.848 MeV represents a change in mass for each nucleon. This demonstrates that the nucleons of each element have unique masses. It can be shown that if three protons are removed from $_{82}$Pb the result is not $_{79}$Au. We conclude and predict that in addition to the Z number, elemental properties are determined by the unique proton and neutron masses for each element. [1] \href{mailto:megforce@physast.uga.edu}{megforce@physast.uga.edu} ``The Order of the Forces''

Authors

  • Eugene Pamfiloff

    Optigon Research and Development, retired