Using Popular Media to Teach Modern Physics: A Reflective Case Study on "The Atom"

Teaching atomic and quantum theory in high school is challenging due to their abstract nature. Research shows that students struggle with wave-particle duality, quantum uncertainty, and probabilistic reasoning, as these concepts contradict classical intuition. Misconceptions and confusion between classical and modern interpretations further hinder learning, necessitating innovative teaching strategies. This study examines how popular media, specifically documentaries, can enhance engagement and understanding. The BBC documentary "The Atom", narrated by Jim Al-Khalili, was used in 9th-grade physics classes to contextualize the historical development of atomic and quantum theory. Its narrative reinforced the idea that science evolves through experimentation and debate. To further engagement, a mock trial based on Episode 2 of The Atom recreated the historical debate between George Gamow, supporting the Big Bang theory, and Fred Hoyle, advocating the Steady State theory. Students took on roles such as scientists, advocates, and judges, critically analyzing arguments and evidence. This activity fostered critical thinking, argumentation skills, and epistemological awareness. Observations suggest that combining visual storytelling with interactive learning enhances scientific literacy and conceptual understanding. This study invites educators to reflect on the role of media in physics education and explore future research to assess its impact.