Quantum Games and Genuine Advantage

Since the publication of D. A. Meyer's paper entitled "Quantum Strategies," [PRL 82, 1052 (1999)], game theory has been studied in the context of quantum principles, leading classical games such as the penny flip and the prisoner's dilemma to be "quantized." Meyer, among others, claims that the use of quantum strategies rewards a player with a 100% chance of victory against a classical player within the penny flip game. I investigate the following question: Can we attribute Meyer's quantum advantage to the use of quantum strategies, or is it more appropriately attributed to the arbitrary design of the penny-flip game that allows the quantum player two turns and the classical player only one? I will show that a classical player possesses far below the 100% chance of victory that the quantum player enjoys when given the same two-turn advantage, thereby proving that quantum advantage is genuine within the penny flip game.