Non-Locality, Quantum Interference, and Entanglement in an Undergraduate Lab

This experiment investigates entanglement and non-locality within a quantum system. The experiment is designed to show a violation of Bell's Inequality using only equipment that is available to the undergraduate student. We use a nonlinear crystal to split a photon into two half-energy entangled particles, and then use polarization filters and single photon counters to rule out local hidden variables determining the behavior of the photons. Using an oscilloscope to count the coincidences (which greatly limited the sampling we could do), Bell's inequality was shown to be violated at the 95{\%} confidence level.