d$^0$ ferromagnetism in PbS

ORAL

Abstract

The search for magnetic semiconductors for use in spintronic technologies has lead to many interesting discoveries. One profound discovery is of d$^0$ ferromagnetism in wide bandgap semiconductors such as ZnO and GaN, in which intrinsic defects such as vacancies lead to ferromagnetism in a normally nonmagnetic semiconductor. The interesting aspect is that these materials are ferromagnetic at room temperature, which would be an advantage in practical spintronic applications. We have identified d$^0$ ferromagnetism in lead sulfide (PbS), a narrow bandgap semiconductor. The x-ray absorption (XAS) and magnetometry results on ferromagnetic Mn doped PbS (MnPbS) show that the magnetism is not related to the Mn dopant but are associated with the concentration of sulfur vacancies. Magnetometry on PbS films also confirms this observation.

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Authors

  • Gaurab Rimal

    University of Wyoming

  • Colin Roberts

    High Precision Devices, Boulder, CO, Raytheon, Tucson, AZ, Seagate Technology, Minneapolis, MN, Ball Aerospace (retired), Bloomfield, CO, New Mexico State University, Brigham Young University, Colorado State University, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, National Security Technologies, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Colorado State Univ, Colorado College, Utah State University, Advisor, Material Physics Group, Utah State University, Box Elder Innovations, LLC, JILA and Department of Physics, CU Boulder, JILA and Department of Mathematics, CU Boulder, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA, JILA, NIST and the University of Colorado, Boulder, NIST, University of Colorado / NIST, University of Colorado/JILA, Colorado Sch of Mines, Colorado School of Mines, Southwestern Indian Polytechnic Institute, UC-Berkeley, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland, JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, USAFA, Univ of Denver, Boyce Research Initiatives and Educational Foundation, Brilliant Sky Observatory, San Diego Mesa College, Utah Valley University, University of Colorado Boulder, Brigham Young Univ - Provo, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Sherbrooke, NIST Boulder, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Co 80525, Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (United States), Physics Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Co 80525, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Alabama, University of Wyoming, University of Guelph, University of Guelph, Canadian Light source

  • Colin Roberts

    High Precision Devices, Boulder, CO, Raytheon, Tucson, AZ, Seagate Technology, Minneapolis, MN, Ball Aerospace (retired), Bloomfield, CO, New Mexico State University, Brigham Young University, Colorado State University, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, National Security Technologies, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Colorado State Univ, Colorado College, Utah State University, Advisor, Material Physics Group, Utah State University, Box Elder Innovations, LLC, JILA and Department of Physics, CU Boulder, JILA and Department of Mathematics, CU Boulder, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA, JILA, NIST and the University of Colorado, Boulder, NIST, University of Colorado / NIST, University of Colorado/JILA, Colorado Sch of Mines, Colorado School of Mines, Southwestern Indian Polytechnic Institute, UC-Berkeley, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland, JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, USAFA, Univ of Denver, Boyce Research Initiatives and Educational Foundation, Brilliant Sky Observatory, San Diego Mesa College, Utah Valley University, University of Colorado Boulder, Brigham Young Univ - Provo, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Sherbrooke, NIST Boulder, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Co 80525, Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (United States), Physics Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Co 80525, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Alabama, University of Wyoming, University of Guelph, University of Guelph, Canadian Light source

  • Colin Roberts

    High Precision Devices, Boulder, CO, Raytheon, Tucson, AZ, Seagate Technology, Minneapolis, MN, Ball Aerospace (retired), Bloomfield, CO, New Mexico State University, Brigham Young University, Colorado State University, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, National Security Technologies, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Colorado State Univ, Colorado College, Utah State University, Advisor, Material Physics Group, Utah State University, Box Elder Innovations, LLC, JILA and Department of Physics, CU Boulder, JILA and Department of Mathematics, CU Boulder, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA, JILA, NIST and the University of Colorado, Boulder, NIST, University of Colorado / NIST, University of Colorado/JILA, Colorado Sch of Mines, Colorado School of Mines, Southwestern Indian Polytechnic Institute, UC-Berkeley, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland, JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, USAFA, Univ of Denver, Boyce Research Initiatives and Educational Foundation, Brilliant Sky Observatory, San Diego Mesa College, Utah Valley University, University of Colorado Boulder, Brigham Young Univ - Provo, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Sherbrooke, NIST Boulder, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Co 80525, Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (United States), Physics Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Co 80525, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Alabama, University of Wyoming, University of Guelph, University of Guelph, Canadian Light source

  • Colin Roberts

    High Precision Devices, Boulder, CO, Raytheon, Tucson, AZ, Seagate Technology, Minneapolis, MN, Ball Aerospace (retired), Bloomfield, CO, New Mexico State University, Brigham Young University, Colorado State University, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, National Security Technologies, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Colorado State Univ, Colorado College, Utah State University, Advisor, Material Physics Group, Utah State University, Box Elder Innovations, LLC, JILA and Department of Physics, CU Boulder, JILA and Department of Mathematics, CU Boulder, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA, JILA, NIST and the University of Colorado, Boulder, NIST, University of Colorado / NIST, University of Colorado/JILA, Colorado Sch of Mines, Colorado School of Mines, Southwestern Indian Polytechnic Institute, UC-Berkeley, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland, JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, USAFA, Univ of Denver, Boyce Research Initiatives and Educational Foundation, Brilliant Sky Observatory, San Diego Mesa College, Utah Valley University, University of Colorado Boulder, Brigham Young Univ - Provo, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Sherbrooke, NIST Boulder, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Co 80525, Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (United States), Physics Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Co 80525, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Alabama, University of Wyoming, University of Guelph, University of Guelph, Canadian Light source

  • Colin Roberts

    High Precision Devices, Boulder, CO, Raytheon, Tucson, AZ, Seagate Technology, Minneapolis, MN, Ball Aerospace (retired), Bloomfield, CO, New Mexico State University, Brigham Young University, Colorado State University, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, National Security Technologies, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Colorado State Univ, Colorado College, Utah State University, Advisor, Material Physics Group, Utah State University, Box Elder Innovations, LLC, JILA and Department of Physics, CU Boulder, JILA and Department of Mathematics, CU Boulder, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA, JILA, NIST and the University of Colorado, Boulder, NIST, University of Colorado / NIST, University of Colorado/JILA, Colorado Sch of Mines, Colorado School of Mines, Southwestern Indian Polytechnic Institute, UC-Berkeley, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland, JILA, University of Colorado and NIST, Harvard University and Harvard-MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms, Univ of Colorado - Boulder, USAFA, Univ of Denver, Boyce Research Initiatives and Educational Foundation, Brilliant Sky Observatory, San Diego Mesa College, Utah Valley University, University of Colorado Boulder, Brigham Young Univ - Provo, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, University of Sherbrooke, NIST Boulder, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Co 80525, Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (United States), Physics Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Co 80525, JILA, Department of Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of Alabama, University of Wyoming, University of Guelph, University of Guelph, Canadian Light source